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This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2007) A modern reproduction of a medieval turn-shoe A turnshoe is a type of shoe made of leather used during the Middle Ages. It was so named because it was put together inside-out, and then was turned right-side-out once finished. This hides the main seam between the sole and vamp (upper) -- prolonging the life of the shoe and inhibiting moisture leaking in through the seam. In the very beginning, turnshoes consisted of only one piece of leather sewn on only one side. In the late early and the high medieval ages, turnshoes mostly constisted of one sole (bovinae) and one piece of vamp (caprinae/bovinae). In the late Middle Ages, additional elements were added, like doubled soles. Turnshoes were displaced by weted shoes in the beginning of the 16th century. This also coincided with the evolution of specialized cobblers, who made shoes as a profession. Turnshoes were most often made in the home. References See also Shoe External links An example of turnshoe construction This shoe-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · d · e