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Shumen Шумен A view of Shumen from above Seal Shumen Location of Shumen Coordinates: 43°17′N 26°56′E / 43.283°N 26.933°E / 43.283; 26.933 Country  Bulgaria Province (Oblast) Shumen Government  - Mayor Krasimir Kostov (BSP) Elevation 184 m (604 ft) Population (15.09.2010)  - Total 92 566 Time zone EET (UTC+2)  - Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3) Postal Code 9700 Area code(s) 054 License plate H Shumen (Bulgarian: Шумен) is a city in the northeastern part of Bulgaria, capital of Shumen Province. From 1950–1965 it was called Kolarovgrad, after Vasil Kolarov. Other English variants include Shoumen and Šumen. The city has a population of 92 566 by current address (2010). Contents 1 Geography 2 History 3 Education and science 4 Sports 5 Landmarks 6 Notable natives 7 Gallery 8 Twinned Towns 9 Honour 10 References 11 External links // Geography The city lies 80 km west of Varna and is built within a cluster of hills, northern outliers of the eastern Balkans, which curve round it on the west and north in the shape of a horse-shoe. A rugged ravine intersects the ground longitudinally within the horse-shoe ridge. From Shumen roads radiate northwards to the Danubian cities of Rousse and Silistra and to Dobruja, southwards to the passes of the Balkans, and eastwards to Varna and Balchik. History The Shumen Fortress In 811 Shumen was burned by the emperor Nicephorus, and in 1087 it was besieged by Alexius I. During the golden age of Bulgarian culture under Simeon the Great (866-927), Shumen was a centre of cultural and religious activity, and may have born the name Simeonis. Until the 15th century, the city was located around the Shumen Fortress, a sophisticated complex of defensive installations, religious and civil buildings. In 1388 the sultan Murad I forced it to surrender to the Ottoman Turks. After Władysław Warneńczyk's unsuccessful crusade in 1444, the city was destroyed by the Ottomans and moved to its present location. It was known by the Ottomans as Şumnu. In the 18th century it was enlarged and fortified. Three times, in 1774, 1810 and 1828, it was unsuccessfully attacked by Russian armies. The Turks consequently gave it the name of Gazi ("Victorious"). In 1854 it was the headquarters of Omar Pasha and the point at which the Turkish army concentrated (See Crimean War). Nancho Popovich high school, established in 1828, is one of Bulgaria's oldest educational institutions During the 19th century Shumen was an important centre of the Bulgarian National Revival, with the first celebration of Cyril and Methodius in the Bulgarian lands taking place on 11 May 1813 and the first theatre performance. A girls' religious school was established in 1828, a class school for girls and a chitalishte (community centre) followed in 1856. The first Bulgarian symphony orchestra was founded in the city in 1850. In the same year, influential Hungarian politician and revolutionary leader Lajos Kossuth spent a part of his exile in the then-Ottoman town of Shumen. The house he lived in is still preserved as a museum. On the 22nd June 1878 Shumen finally capitulated to the Russians and became part of the newly-independent Principality of Bulgaria. In 1882 the Shumen Brewery, one of the first breweries in Bulgaria, was founded. Education and science Shumen has 11 elementary and 5 common schools, as well as 2 high schools. The University of Shumen Episkop Konstantin Preslavski and the Artillery and Air Defense Faculty to the Vasil Levski National Military University are the only higher education establishments in the city. The former operates a small astronomical observatory. Sports PFC Panayot Volov is the local football club, and uses a stadium of the same name as its home ground. Basketball, volleyball and handball are also represented, and most of the games are held at the Mladost sports centre. Other sporting activities include martial arts (mostly karate) and horse racing. Shumen has its own rallying tournament, the Stari Stolitsi. Landmarks Monument to 1300 Years of Bulgaria, main hall Shumen boasts the Monument to 1300 Years of Bulgaria, regarded as the only monument in the world to depict the history of a whole country from its creation to the present day.[citation needed] The Shumen Fortress, partially restored after being destroyed by the Ottomans in the past, is an important historical monument of the medieval Bulgarian Empire. It is located not far from the city on the Shumen Plateau. The Madara Horseman, a World Heritage Site, is an ancient (710 AD) monument usually attributed to the Bulgar culture, and lies some 20 km from Shumen. The Kabiuk horse museum A monument to Dobri Voynikov in Shumen's centre The religious buildings in the city include the Eastern Orthodox Holy Three Saints Cathedral and Holy Ascension Basilica, as well as the Tombul Mosque, the largest mosque in Bulgaria and one of the largest in the Balkans, serving Shumen and the region's Muslim minority. Notable natives Maxim Behar (b. 1955), Leading public relations expert, Chief Executive of M3 Communications Group, Inc., a Public Relations Company in Bulgaria, exclusive associate of Hill & Knowlton Group. Hacho Boyadzhiev (b. 1932), film director Stoyan Danev (1858–1949), politician, twice Prime Minister of Bulgaria Ivan Dochev (1906-2005), anti-communist politician Vasil Drumev (Clement of Tarnovo) (1841–1901), clergyman and politician, twice Prime Minister of Bulgaria Solomon Goldstein, (1884-1969), politician Yusuf İsmail (1857-1898) was a Turkish professional wrestler Vasil Kolarov (1877–1950), politician, Communist leader Todor Kolev (b.26.8 1939), actor Ahmet Fikri Tüzer (1878-1942), Turkish politician and Prime Minister of Turkey Veneta Vicheva (b.1931), choir conductor Pancho Vladigerov (1899-1978), composer, pedagogue and pianist. Dobri Voynikov (1833–1878), writer and enlightener Gallery The Shumen Fortress The Shumen Fortress The Shumen Fortress Military Club (built 1901–1903) Church of Shumen Central Shumen Central Shumen The Shumen Fortress The East Bulgarian horse breed, created in Shumen The Court House of Shumen The center of Shumen Monument to 1300 Years of Bulgaria The Shumen Fortress The Shumen Fortress Twinned Towns Debrecen, Hungary Zhengzhou, China Mâcon, France Adapazarı, Turkey Tulcea, Romania Podolsk, Russia Kherson, Ukraine Honour Shumen Peak on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Shumen. References  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (Eleventh ed.). Cambridge University Press.  External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Shumen Official Shumen municipality site Portal of Shumen High definition video of the Shumen 1300 Years monument High definition video of the city of Shumen Coordinates: 43°17′N 26°56′E / 43.283°N 26.933°E / 43.283; 26.933 v • d • e Cities and towns of Bulgaria 1,000,000+ Sofia (capital) 200,000+ Burgas · Plovdiv · Varna 100,000+ Dobrich · Pleven · Ruse · Sliven · Stara Zagora 50,000+ Asenovgrad · Blagoevgrad · Gabrovo · Haskovo · Kardzhali · Kazanlak · Pazardzhik · Pernik · Shumen · Veliko Tarnovo · Vidin · Vratsa · Yambol 20,000+ Aytos · Botevgrad · Dimitrovgrad · Dupnitsa · Gorna Oryahovitsa · Gotse Delchev · Harmanli · Karlovo · Karnobat · Kyustendil · Lom · Lovech · Montana · Nova Zagora · Panagyurishte · Petrich · Peshtera · Razgrad · Samokov · Sandanski · Sevlievo · Silistra · Smolyan · Svishtov · Targovishte · Troyan · Velingrad 10,000+ Balchik · Berkovitsa · Byala, Rousse Province · Byala Slatina · Cherven Bryag · Chirpan · Elhovo · Etropole · Ihtiman · Isperih · Kavarna · Knezha · Kostinbrod · Kozloduy · Kubrat · Levski · Lukovit · Mezdra · Momchilgrad · Nesebar · Novi Pazar · Omurtag · Parvomay · Pavlikeni · Pomorie · Popovo · Provadiya · Radnevo · Radomir · Rakovski · Razlog · Sopot · Stamboliyski · Svilengrad · Teteven · Tryavna · Tutrakan 5,000+ Aksakovo · Ardino · Bansko · Belene · Belogradchik · Beloslav · Bobov Dol · Chepelare · Dalgopol · Devin · Devnya · Dolni Chiflik · Dryanovo · Dulovo · Dzhebel · Elena · Elin Pelin · Galabovo · General Toshevo · Hisarya · Kameno · Koynare · Kostenets · Kotel · Krichim · Krumovgrad · Kuklen · Lyubimets · Lyaskovets · Madan · Nedelino · Oryahovo · Perushtitsa · Pirdop · Polski Trumbesh · Rakitovo · Saedinenie · Septemvri · Simeonovgrad · Simitli · Slivnitsa · Sredets · Straldzha · Strazhitsa · Suvorovo · Svoge · Tervel · Topolovgrad · Tsarevo · Tvarditsa · Varshets · Vetovo · Veliki Preslav · Yakoruda · Zlatitsa · Zlatograd Under 5,000 Ahtopol · Alfatar · Antonovo · Apriltsi · Balgarovo · Batak · Batanovtsi · Belitsa · Belovo · Boboshevo · Bolyarovo · Borovo · Boychinovtsi · Bozhurishte · Bratsigovo · Bregovo · Breznik · Brusartsi · Byala, Varna Province · Byala Cherkva · Chiprovtsi · Debelets · Dimovo · Dobrinishte · Dolna Banya · Dolna Mitropoliya · Dolna Oryahovitsa · Dolni Dubnik · Dospat · Dragoman · Dunavtsi · Dve Mogili · Glavinitsa · Glodzhevo · Godech · Gramada · Gulyantsi · Gurkovo · Hadzhidimovo · Iskar · Ivaylovgrad · Kableshkovo · Kalofer · Kaolinovo · Kaspichan · Kermen · Kilifarevo · Kiten · Klisura · Kocherinovo · Koprivshtitsa · Kostandovo · Kresna · Krivodol · Kula · Laki · Letnitsa · Loznitsa · Madzharovo · Maglizh · Malko Turnovo · Marten · Melnik · Merichleri · Miziya · Momin Prohod · Nikolaevo · Nikopol · Obzor · Opaka · Pavel Banya · Plachkovtsi · Pliska · Pordim · Pravets · Primorsko · Rila · Roman · Rudozem · Sadovo · Sapareva Banya · Sarnitsa · Senovo · Shabla · Shipka · Shivachevo · Slavyanovo · Slivo Pole · Smyadovo · Sozopol · Strelcha · Suhindol · Sungurlare · Sveti Vlas · Tran · Trastenik · Tsar Kaloyan · Ugarchin · Vetren · Valchedram · Valchi Dol · Varbitsa · Yablanitsa · Zavet · Zemen · Zlataritsa v • d • e Municipality of Shumen Capital: Shumen Villages Belokopitovo, Blagovo, Cherencha, Dibich, Drumevo, Gradishte, Iliya Blaskovo, Ivanski, Kladenets, Konyovets, Kostena Reka, Lozevo, Madara, Marash, Novosel, Ovcharovo, Panayot-volovo, Radko Dimitrievo, Salmanovo, Srednya, Struino, Tsarev Brod, Vasil Drumev, Vehtovo, Velino, Vetrishte Landmarks Madara Horseman, Shumen Fortress, Monument to 1300 Years of Bulgaria, Panayot Volov Stadium Culture PFC Shumen Notable people Panayot Volov, Pancho Vladigerov, Dobri Voynikov, Vasil Kolarov, Racho Petrov, Todor Kolev, Kliment Turnovski, Stoyan Danev, Yanko Rusev